What is Regional Anaesthesia?
Regional anaesthesia is a technique used to numb a specific part of the body during surgery. Unlike general anaesthesia, which renders the patient unconscious, regional anaesthesia allows the patient to stay awake or lightly sedated. It blocks nerve signals in a targeted area, providing effective pain control during and after the procedure.
Common Types of Regional Anaesthesia
There are several types, including spinal, epidural, and peripheral nerve blocks. Spinal anaesthesia is commonly used for lower abdominal or lower limb surgeries, while epidural blocks are popular in obstetrics. Peripheral nerve blocks target specific nerves, such as the brachial plexus for arm surgeries.
Benefits Over General Anaesthesia
Regional techniques offer fewer side effects, lower opioid use, and quicker recovery. They reduce risks like airway complications and postoperative nausea. Patients often experience less grogginess and a smoother transition to postoperative care.
Patient Experience and Monitoring
Patients are carefully monitored throughout the procedure. With ultrasound and nerve stimulators, anaesthesiologists can administer the block accurately, enhancing safety and effectiveness. Light sedation can be used for comfort if needed.
Role in Enhanced Recovery
Regional anaesthesia supports Enhanced Recovery After Surgery (ERAS) protocols. It shortens hospital stays, minimizes complications, and promotes early mobilization. This approach improves patient satisfaction and overall outcomes, making it a cornerstone of modern surgical care.
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